EN 10028-2:2017 - Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes - Part 2: Non-alloy and alloy steels with specified elevated temperature properties

European foreword

This document (EN 10028-2:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee ECISS/TC 107 "Steels for pressure purposes", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2018 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2018.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document supersedes EN 10028-2:2009.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU.

For relationship with Directive 2014/68/EU, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.

A list of changes between this document and the previous version can be found in Annex F.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

1 Scope

This European Standard specifies requirements for flat products for pressure equipment made of weldable non-alloy and alloy steels with elevated temperature properties as specified in Table 1. The requirements and definitions of EN 10028-1:2017 also apply.

NOTE Once this European Standard is published in the EU Official Journal (OJEU) under Directive 2014/68/EU, presumption of conformity to the Essential Safety Requirements (ESRs) of Directive 2014/68/EU is limited to technical data of materials in this European Standard (Part 1 and this Part 2 of the series) and does not presume adequacy of the material to a specific item of equipment. Consequently, the assessment of the technical data stated in this material standard against the design requirements of this specific item of equipment to verify that the ESRs of Directive 2014/68/EU are satisfied, needs to be done.

2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

EN 1011-1:2009, Welding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials - Part 1: General guidance for arc welding
EN 1011-2:2001, Welding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials - Part 2: Arc welding of ferritic steels
EN 10028-1:2017, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes - Part 1: General requirements
EN 10204:2004, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents
EN 10229:1998, Evaluation of resistance of steel products to hydrogen induced cracking (HIC)

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 10028-1:2017 apply.

4 Tolerances on dimensions

See EN 10028-1:2017.

5 Calculation of mass

See EN 10028-1:2017.

6 Classification and designation

In accordance with EN 10020, the grades P235GH, P265GH, P295GH and P355GH are non-alloy quality steels. All other grades are alloy special steels.

See EN 10028-1:2017.

7 Information to be supplied by the purchaser

See EN 10028-1:2017.

A number of options are specified in this document and listed below. Additionally the relevant options of EN 10028-1:2017 apply. If the purchaser does not indicate a wish to implement any of these options at the time of enquiry and order, the products shall be supplied in accordance with the basic specification (see also EN 10028-1:2017).

1) limitation of copper and/or tin content (see Table 1, footnote b);
2) minimum chromium content of 0.80% (see Table 1, footnote f);
3) maximum carbon content of 0.17% for nominal thicknesses greater than 150 mm (see Table 1, footnote g);
4) tests in the simulated normalized condition (see 8.2.2);
5) delivery conditions deviating from those specified in Table 3 (see 8.2.2 and 8.2.3);
6) maximum carbon equivalent value for P235GH, P265GH, P295GH and P355GH (see 8.3.3);
7) specification of a minimum impact energy of 40 J (see Table 3);
8) no option, intentionally left blank;
9) specification of the delivery condition +QT where the usual delivery condition is +NT (see Table 3, footnote b and Table 4, footnote b);
10) additional impact energy values (see Table 3, footnote e);
11) no option, intentionally left blank;
12) HIC test in accordance with EN 10229 (see 8.7);
13) step cooling test in accordance with Annex E (see 8.8);
14) mid thickness test pieces for the impact test (see Clause 10).

10 plates with nominal dimensions, thickness = 50 mm, width = 2000 mm, length = 10000 mm, made of a steel grade with the name 16Mo3 and the number 1.5415 as specified in EN 10028-2, inspection certificate 3.1 as specified in EN 10204:

10 plates – 50 x 2 000 x 10 000 – EN 10028-2 – 16Mo3 – Inspection certificate 3.1 or 10 plates – 50 x 2 000 x 10 000 – EN 10028-2 – 1.5415 – Inspection certificate 3.1

8 Requirements

See EN 10028-1:2017.

8.2 Delivery condition

8.2.1 Unless otherwise agreed at the time of enquiry and order, the products covered by this document shall be supplied in the usual conditions given in Table 3 (see 8.2.3).

8.2.2 Normalizing may, at the discretion of manufacturer, be replaced with normalizing rolling for the steel grades P235GH, P265GH, P295GH, P355GH and 16Mo3. In this case, additional tests in the simulated normalized condition with an agreed frequency of testing may be agreed at the time of enquiry and order to verify that the specified properties are complied with.

8.2.3 If so agreed at the time of enquiry and order, products made of steel grades P235GH, P265GH, P295GH, P355GH and 16Mo3 may also be delivered in the untreated condition. Products made of one of the other alloy grades may be supplied in the tempered or normalized condition or, in exceptional cases, in the untreated condition if so agreed (Annex A contains heat treatment information for the purchaser). In these cases, testing shall be carried out on test pieces in the usual delivery condition as indicated in Table 3.

8.2.4 Information on welding are given in Annex B of this standard.

8.3 Chemical composition

8.3.1 The requirements of Table 1 shall apply for the chemical composition according to the cast analysis.

8.3.2 The product analysis shall not deviate from the specified values for the cast analysis as specified in Table 1 by more than the values given in Table 2.

8.3.3 A maximum value for the carbon equivalent may be agreed at time of enquiry and order for steel grades P235GH, P265GH, P295GH and P355GH. In this case, the following formula shall apply for calculation of the carbon equivalent value (CEV):

CEV = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15

Table 1 — Chemical composition (cast analysis) ^a
Steel designation		% by mass
Steel name	Steel number	C	Si	Mn	P max.	S max.	Al_total	N	Cr	Cu ^b	Mo	Nb	Ni	Ti max.	V	Others
P235GH	1.0345	≤ 0,16	≤ 0,35	0,60 ^c to 1,20	0,025	0,010	≥ 0,020	≤ 0,012 ^d	≤ 0,30	≤ 0,30	≤ 0,08	≤ 0,030	≤ 0,30	0,03	≤ 0,02	Cr+Cu+Mo+Ni ≤ 0,70
P265GH	1.0425	≤ 0,20	≤ 0,40	0,80 ^c to 1,40	0,025	0,010	≥ 0,020	≤ 0,012 ^d	≤ 0,30	≤ 0,30	≤ 0,08	≤ 0,030	≤ 0,30	0,03	≤ 0,02
P295GH	1.0481	0,08 to 0,20	≤ 0,40	0,90 ^c to 1,50	0,025	0,010	≥ 0,020	≤ 0,012 ^d	≤ 0,30	≤ 0,30	≤ 0,08	≤ 0,030	≤ 0,30	0,03	≤ 0,02
P355GH	1.0473	0,10 to 0,22	≤ 0,60	1,10 to 1,70	0,025	0,010	≥ 0,020	≤ 0,012 ^d	≤ 0,30	≤ 0,30	≤ 0,08	≤ 0,040	≤ 0,30	0,03	≤ 0,02
16Mo3	1.5415	0,12 to 0,20	≤ 0,35	0,40 to 0,90	0,025	0,010	^e	≤ 0,012	≤ 0,30	≤ 0,30	0,25 to 0,35	-	≤ 0,30	-	-	-
18MnMo4-5	1.5414	≤ 0,20	≤ 0,40	0,90 to 1,50	0,015	0,005	^e	≤ 0,012	≤ 0,30	≤ 0,30	0,45 to 0,60	-	≤ 0,30	-	-	-
20MnMoNi4-5	1.6311	0,15 to 0,23	≤ 0,40	1,00 to 1,50	0,020	0,010	^e	≤ 0,012	≤ 0,20	≤ 0,20	0,45 to 0,60	-	0,40 to 0,80	-	≤ 0,02	-
15NiCuMoNb5-6-4	1.6368	≤ 0,17	0,25 to 0,50	0,80 to 1,20	0,025	0,010	≥ 0,015	≤ 0,020	≤ 0,30	0,50 to 0,80	0,25 to 0,50	0,015 to 0,045	1,00 to 1,30	-	-	-
13CrMo4-5	1.7335	0,08 to 0,18	≤ 0,35	0,40 to 1,00	0,025	0,010	^e	≤ 0,012	0,70 ^f to 1,15	≤ 0,30	0,40 to 0,60	-	-	-	-	-
13CrMoSi5-5	1.7336	≤ 0,17	0,50 to 0,80	0,40 to 0,60	0,015	0,005	^e	≤ 0,012	1,00 to 1,50	≤ 0,30	0,45 to 0,65	-	≤ 0,30	-	-	-
10CrMo9-10	1.7380	0,08 to 0,14 ^g	≤ 0,50	0,40 to 0,80	0,020	0,010	^e	≤ 0,012	2,00 to 2,50	≤ 0,30	0,90 to 1,10	-	-	-	-	-
12CrMo9-10	1.7375	0,10 to 0,15	≤ 0,30	0,30 to 0,80	0,015	0,010	^e	≤ 0,012	2,00 to 2,50	≤ 0,25	0,90 to 1,10	-	≤ 0,30	-	-	-
X12CrMo5	1.7362	0,10 to 0,15	≤ 0,50	0,30 to 0,60	0,020	0,005	^e	≤ 0,012	4,00 to 6,00	≤ 0,30	0,45 to 0,65	-	≤ 0,30	-	-	-
13CrMoV9-10	1.7703	0,11 to 0,15	≤ 0,10	0,30 to 0,60	0,015	0,005	^e	≤ 0,012	2,00 to 2,50	≤ 0,20	0,90 to 1,10	≤ 0,07	≤ 0,25	0,03	0,25 to 0,35	B ≤ 0,002, Ca ≤ 0,015
12CrMoV12-10	1.7767	0,10 to 0,15	≤ 0,15	0,30 to 0,60	0,015	0,005	^e	≤ 0,012	2,75 to 3,25	≤ 0,25	0,90 to 1,10	≤ 0,07 ^h	≤ 0,25	0,03^h	0,20 to 0,30	B ≤ 0,003 ^h, Ca ≤ 0,015 ^h
X10CrMoVNb9-1	1.4903	0,08 to 0,12	≤ 0,50	0,30 to 0,60	0,020	0,005	≤ 0,040	0,030 to 0,070	8,00 to 9,50	≤ 0,30	0,85 to 1,05	0,06 to 0,10	≤ 0,30	-	0,18 to 0,25	-
^a Elements not listed in this table shall not be intentionally added to the steel without the agreement of the purchaser except for finishing the cast. All appropriate measures shall be taken to prevent the addition from scrap or other materials used in steelmaking of these elements which may affect the mechanical properties and usability. ^b A lower maximum copper content and/or a maximum sum of copper and tin content, e.g. Cu + 6 Sn ≤ 0,33 %, may be agreed upon at the time of enquiry and order, e.g. with regard to hot formability for the grades where only a maximum copper content is specified. ^c For nominal thicknesses < 6 mm, a minimum manganese content of 0,20 % lower than specified is permitted. ^d A ratio Al\N ≥2 shall apply. ^e The Al content of the cast shall be determined and given in the inspection document. ^f If resistance to pressurized hydrogen is of importance, a minimum content of 0,80 % Cr may be agreed upon at the time of enquiry and order. ^g For nominal thicknesses greater than 150 mm, a maximum content of 0,17 % C may be agreed upon at the time of enquiry and order. ^h This grade may be produced with additions of either Ti + B or Nb + Ca. The following minimum contents shall apply: Ti ≥ 0,015 % and B ≥ 0,001 % in the case of additions of Ti + B, Nb ≥ 0,015 % and Ca ≥ 0,000 5 % in the case of additions of Nb + Ca.

Table 2 — Permissible product analysis tolerances on the limiting values given in Table 1 for the cast analysis
Element	Specified value in the cast analysis according to Table 1 % by mass	Permissible deviation ^a of the product analysis % by mass
C	≤ 0,23	±0,02
Si	≤ 0,35	±0,05
Si	0,35 to ≤ 1,00	±0,06
Mn	≤ 1,00	±0,05
Mn	1,00 to ≤ 1,70	±0,10
P	≤ 0,015	+ 0,003
P	0,015 to ≤ 0,025	+ 0,005
S	≤ 0,010	+ 0,003
Al	≥ 0,010	±0,005
B	≤ 0,003	±0,000 5
N	≤ 0,020	±0,002
N	0,020 to ≤ 0,070	±0,005
Cr	≤ 2,00	±0,05
	2,00 to ≤ 10,00	±0,10
	10,00	±0,10
Cu	≤ 0,30	±0,05
Cu	0,30 to ≤ 0,80	±0,10
Mo	≤ 0,35	±0,03
Mo	0,35 to ≤ 1,10	±0,04
Nb	≤ 0,10	±0,01
Ni	≤ 0,30	±0,05
Ni	0,30 to ≤ 1,30	±0,10
Cr+Cu+Mo+Ni	≤ 0,70	+ 0,05
Ti	≤ 0,03	±0,01
V	≤ 0,05	±0,01
V	0,05 to ≤ 0,35	±0,03
^a If several product analyses are carried out on one cast, and the contents of an individual element determined lie outside the permissible range of the chemical composition specified for the cast analysis then it is only allowed to exceed the permissible maximum value or fall short of the permissible minimum value, but not both for one cast.

8.4 Mechanical properties

8.4.1 The values given in Tables 3 and 4 (see also EN 10028-1:2017 and Clause 10) shall apply.

8.4.2 Annex C gives mean values as preliminary data for the purchaser about 1% (plastic) creep strain and creep rupture.

Table 3 — Mechanical properties (applicable to the transverse direction)
Steel grade		Usual delivery condition ^{a b}	Nominal thickness t mm	Tensile properties at room temperature			Impact energy KV₂ J min. at a temperature in °C of
Steel name	Steel number			Yield strength R_eH MPa min	Tensile strength R_m MPa	Elongation after fracture A % min.	-20 ^f	0 ^f	+20
Steel name	Steel number			P235GH	1.0345	+N ^c	-20 ^f	0 ^f	+20	≤ 16	235	360 to 480	24	27	34	40
16 < t ≤ 40	225
40 < t ≤ 60	215
60 < t ≤ 100	200
100 < t ≤ 150	185	350 to 480
150 < t ≤ 250	170	340 to 480
P265GH	1.0425	+N ^c	≤ 16	265	410 to 530	22	27	34	40
			16 < t ≤ 40	255
			40 < t ≤ 60	245
			60 < t ≤ 100	215
			100 < t ≤ 150	200	400 to 530
			150 < t ≤ 250	185	390 to 530
P295GH	1.0481	+N ^c	≤ 16	295	460 to 580	21	27	34	40
			16 < t ≤ 40	290
			40 < t ≤ 60	285
			60 < t ≤ 100	260
			100 < t ≤ 150	235	440 to 570
			150 < t ≤ 250	220	430 to 570
P355GH	1.0473	+N ^c	≤ 16	355	510 to 650	20	27	34	40
			16 < t ≤ 40	345
			40 < t ≤ 60	335
			60 < t ≤ 100	315	490 to 630
			100 < t ≤ 150	295	480 to 630
			150 < t ≤ 250	280	470 to 630
16Mo3	1.5415	+N ^{c d}	≤ 16	275	440 to 590	22	^e	^e	31 ^f
			16 < t ≤ 40	270
			40 < t ≤ 60	260
			60 < t ≤ 100	240	430 to 580
			100 < t ≤ 150	220	420 to 570
			150 < t ≤ 250	210	410 to 570
18MnMo4-5	1.5414	+NT	≤ 60	345	510 to 650	20	27	34	40
		+NT	60 < t ≤ 150	325	510 to 650
		+QT	150 < t ≤ 250	310	480 to 620
20MnMoNi4-5	1.6311	+QT	≤ 40	470	590 to 750	18	27	40	50
			40 < t ≤ 60	460	590 to 730
			60 < t ≤ 100	450	570 to 710
			100 < t ≤ 150	440	570 to 710
			150 < t ≤ 250	400	560 to 700
15NiCuMoNb5-6-4	1.6368	+NT	≤ 40	460	610 to 780	16	27	34	40
			40 < t ≤ 60	440	610 to 780
			60 < t ≤ 100	430	600 to 760
		+NT or +QT	100 < t ≤ 150	420	590 to 740
		+QT	150 < t ≤ 200	410	580 to 740
13CrMo4-5	1.7335	+NT	≤ 16	300	450 to 600	19	^e	^e	31 ^f
			16 < t ≤ 60	290	450 to 600				31 ^f
			60 < t ≤ 100	270	440 to 590				27 ^f
		+NT or +QT	100 < t ≤ 150	255	430 to 580		^e	^e	27 ^f
		+QT	150 < t ≤ 250	245	420 to 570		^e	^e	27 ^f
13CrMoSi5-5	1.7336	+NT	≤ 60	310	510 to 690	20	^e	27	34 ^f
		+NT	60 < t ≤ 100	300	480 to 660		^e	27	34 ^f
		+QT	≤ 60	400	510 to 690		27	34	40
			60 < t ≤ 100	390	500 to 680
			100 < t ≤ 250	380	490 to 670
10CrMo9-10	1.7380	+NT	≤ 16	310	480 to 630	18	^e	^e	31 ^f
			16 < t ≤ 40	300
			40 < t ≤ 60	290
		+NT or +QT	60 < t ≤ 100	280	470 to 620	17			27 ^f
		+NT or +QT	100 < t ≤ 150	260	460 to 610
		+QT	150 < t ≤ 250	250	450 to 600
12CrMo9-10	1.7375	+ NT or +QT	≤ 250	355	540 to 690	18	27	40	70
X12CrMo5	1.7362	+NT	≤ 60	320	510 to 690	20	27	34	40
		+NT	60 < t ≤ 150	300	480 to 660
		+QT	150 < t ≤ 250	300	450 to 630
13CrMoV9-10	1.7703	+ NT	≤ 60	455	600 to 780	18	27	34	40
		+ NT	60 < t ≤ 150	435	590 to 770
		+ QT	150 < t ≤ 250	415	580 to 760
12CrMoV12-10	1.7767	+NT	≤ 60	455	600 to 780	18	27	34	40
		+NT	60 < t ≤ 150	435	590 to 770
		+QT	150 < t ≤ 250	415	580 to 760
X10CrMoVNb9-1	1.4903	+NT	≤ 60	445	580 to 760	18	27	34	40
		+NT	60 < t ≤ 150	435	550 to 730
		+QT	150 < t ≤ 250	435	520 to 700
^a +N = normalized; +NT = normalized and tempered; +QT = quenched and tempered. ^b For product thicknesses, where the usual delivery condition is +NT, the delivery condition +QT may be agreed. ^c See 8.2.2. ^d This steel may also be supplied in the +NT condition at the discretion of the manufacturer. ^e A value may be agreed at the time of enquiry and order. ^f An impact energy value of 40 J may be agreed at the time of enquiry and order.

Table 4 — Minimum values for the 0,2 % proof strength at elevated temperatures ^a
Steel grade		Nominal thickness ^b t mm	Minimum 0,2 % proof strength R_p0,2 MPa at a temperature in °C of
Steel name	Steel number	Nominal thickness ^b t mm	50	100	150	200	250	300	350	400	450	500
P235GH	1.0345	≤ 16	227	214	198	182	167	153	142	133	-	-
		16 < t ≤ 40	218	205	190	174	160	147	136	128	-	-
		40 < t ≤ 60	208	196	181	167	153	140	130	122	-	-
		60 < t ≤ 100	193	182	169	155	142	130	121	114	-	-
		100 < t ≤ 150	179	168	156	143	131	121	112	105	-	-
		150 < t ≤ 250	164	155	143	132	121	111	103	97	-	-
P265GH	1.0425	≤ 16	256	241	223	205	188	173	160	150	-	-
		16 < t ≤ 40	247	232	215	197	181	166	154	145	-	-
		40 < t ≤ 60	237	223	206	190	174	160	148	139	-	-
		60 < t ≤ 100	208	196	181	167	153	140	130	122	-	-
		100 < t ≤ 150	193	182	169	155	142	130	121	114	-	-
		150 < t ≤ 250	179	168	156	143	131	121	112	105	-	-
P295GH	1.0481	≤ 16	285	268	249	228	209	192	178	167	-	-
		16 < t ≤ 40	280	264	244	225	206	189	175	165	-	-
		40 < t ≤ 60	276	259	240	221	202	186	172	162	-	-
		60 < t ≤ 100	251	237	219	201	184	170	157	148	-	-
		100 < t ≤ 150	227	214	198	182	167	153	142	133	-	-
		150 < t ≤ 250	213	200	185	170	156	144	133	125	-	-
P355GH	1.0473	≤ 16	343	323	299	275	252	232	214	202	-	-
		16 < t ≤ 40	334	314	291	267	245	225	208	196	-	-
		40 < t ≤ 60	324	305	282	259	238	219	202	190	-	-
		60 < t ≤ 100	305	287	265	244	224	206	190	179	-	-
		100 < t ≤ 150	285	268	249	228	209	192	178	167	-	-
		150 < t ≤ 250	271	255	236	217	199	183	169	159	-	-
16Mo3	1.5415	≤ 16	273	264	250	233	213	194	175	159	147	141
		16 < t ≤ 40	268	259	245	228	209	190	172	156	145	139
		40 < t ≤ 60	258	250	236	220	202	183	165	150	139	134
		60 < t ≤ 100	238	230	218	203	186	169	153	139	129	123
		100 < t ≤ 150	218	211	200	186	171	155	140	127	118	113
		150 < t ≤ 250	208	202	191	178	163	148	134	121	113	108
18MnMo4-5 ^c	1.5414	≤ 60	330	320	315	310	295	285	265	235	215	-
		60 < t ≤ 150	320	310	305	300	285	275	255	225	205	-
		150 < t ≤ 250	310	300	295	290	275	265	245	220	200	-
20MnMoNi4-5	1.6311	≤ 40	460	448	439	432	424	415	402	384	-	-
		40 < t ≤ 60	450	438	430	423	415	406	394	375	-	-
		60 < t ≤ 100	441	429	420	413	406	398	385	367	-	-
		100 < t ≤ 150	431	419	411	404	397	389	377	359	-	-
		150 < t ≤ 250	392	381	374	367	361	353	342	327	-	-
15NiCuMoNb5-6-4	1.6368	≤ 40	447	429	415	403	391	380	366	351	331	-
		40 < t ≤ 60	427	410	397	385	374	363	350	335	317	-
		60 < t ≤ 100	418	401	388	377	366	355	342	328	309	-
		100 < t ≤ 150	408	392	379	368	357	347	335	320	302	-
		150 < t ≤ 200	398	382	370	359	349	338	327	313	295	-
13CrMo4-5	1.7335	≤ 16	294	285	269	252	234	216	200	186	175	164
		16 < t ≤ 60	285	275	260	243	226	209	194	180	169	159
		60 < t ≤ 100	265	256	242	227	210	195	180	168	157	148
		100 < t ≤ 150	250	242	229	214	199	184	170	159	148	139
		150 < t ≤ 250	235	223	215	211	199	184	170	159	148	139
13CrMoSi5-5+NT	1.7336+NT	≤ 60	299	283	268	255	244	233	223	218	206	-
13CrMoSi5-5+NT	1.7336+NT	60 < t ≤ 100	289	274	260	247	236	225	216	211	199	-
13CrMoSi5-5+QT	1.7336+QT	≤ 60	384	364	352	344	339	335	330	322	309	-
		60 < t ≤ 100	375	355	343	335	330	327	322	314	301	-
		100 < t ≤ 250	365	346	334	326	322	318	314	306	293	-
10CrMo9-10	1.7380	≤ 16	288	266	254	248	243	236	225	212	197	185
		16 < t ≤ 40	279	257	246	240	235	228	218	205	191	179
		40 < t ≤ 60	270	249	238	232	227	221	211	198	185	173
		60 < t ≤ 100	260	240	230	224	220	213	204	191	178	167
		100 < t ≤ 150	250	237	228	222	219	213	204	191	178	167
		150 < t ≤ 250	240	227	219	213	210	208	204	191	178	167
12CrMo9-10	1.7375	≤ 250	341	323	311	303	298	295	292	287	279	-
X12CrMo5	1.7362	≤ 60	310	299	295	294	293	291	285	273	253	222
X12CrMo5	1.7362	60 < t ≤ 250	290	281	277	275	275	273	267	256	237	208
13CrMoV9-10 ^c	1.7703	≤ 60	410	395	380	375	370	365	362	360	350	-
13CrMoV9-10 ^c	1.7703	60 < t ≤ 250	405	390	370	365	360	355	352	350	340	-
12CrMoV12-10 ^c	1.7767	≤ 60	410	395	380	375	370	365	362	360	350	-
12CrMoV12-10 ^c	1.7767	60 < t ≤ 250	405	390	370	365	360	355	352	350	340	-
X10CrMoVNb9-1	1.4903	≤ 60	432	415	401	392	385	379	373	364	349	324
X10CrMoVNb9-1	1.4903	60 < t ≤ 250	423	406	392	383	376	371	365	356	341	316
^a The values correspond to the lower band of the relevant trend curve determined in accordance with EN 10314 with a confidence limit of about 98 % (2 s). ^b Delivery condition as given in Table 3 (but see footnote b to Table 3). ^c R_p0,2 not determined in accordance with EN 10314. They are minimum values of the scatter band considered until now.

8.5 Surface condition

See EN 10028-1:2017.

8.6 Internal soundness

See EN 10028-1:2017.

8.7 Resistance to hydrogen induced cracking

Carbon and low alloy steels may be susceptible to cracking when exposed to corrosive H₂S containing environments, usually referred to as 'sour service'. A test to evaluate the resistance to hydrogen induced cracking in accordance with Annex D may be specified at time of enquiry and order.

8.8 Embrittlement of CrMo steels

CrMo steels may tend to become brittle in service at temperatures between approximately 400°C and 500°C. This possible tendency for embrittlement can be simulated in the laboratory with the so called step cooling test. In this test a specimen is exposed to a temperature - time cycle as given in Figure E.1. The shift of a transition curve before and after the step cooling test is a measure for the embrittlement. A step cooling test in accordance with Annex E may be specified at time of enquiry and order.

9 Inspection

See EN 10028-1:2017 and 8.7 and 8.8.

10 Sampling

See EN 10028-1:2017.

For the impact test, deviating from EN 10028-1:2017, Table 4, footnote g, the preparation of test pieces taken from the mid thickness may be agreed at the time of enquiry and order. In this case, test temperatures and minimum impact energy values shall also be agreed.

11 Test methods

See EN 10028-1:2017 and Annex D and E.

12 Marking

See EN 10028-1:2017.

Annex A (informative) Guidelines for heat treatment

Table A.1 — Guidelines for heat treatment
Steel grade		Temperature, °C
Steel name	Steel number	Normalizing	Quenching	Tempering ^b
P235GH	1.0345	890 to 950 ^a	-	-
P265GH	1.0425	890 to 950 ^a	-	-
P295GH	1.0481	890 to 950 ^a	-	-
P355GH	1.0473	890 to 950 ^a	-	-
16Mo3	1.5415	890 to 950 ^a	-	^c
18MnMo4-5	1.5414	890 to 950		600 to 640
20MnMoNi4-5	1.6311	-	870 to 940	610 to 690
15NiCuMoNb5-6-4	1.6368	880 to 960		580 to 680
13CrMo4-5	1.7335	890 to 950		630 to 730
13CrMoSi5-5	1.7336	890 to 950		650 to 730
10CrMo9-10	1.7380	920 to 980		650 to 750
12CrMo9-10	1.7375	920 to 980		650 to 750
X12CrMo5	1.7362	920 to 970		680 to 750
13CrMoV9-10	1.7703	930 to 990		675 to 750
12CrMoV12-10	1.7767	930 to 1 000		675 to 750
X10CrMoVNb9-1	1.4903	1 040 to 1 100		730 to 780
^a When normalizing, after the required temperatures have been attained over the whole cross- section, no further holding is necessary and should be generally avoided. ^b When tempering, the specified temperatures shall, when they have been attained over the whole cross-section, be maintained for an appropriate time. ^c In certain cases, tempering at 590 °C to 650 °C may be necessary.

Annex B (informative) Critical time temperature parameter P_crit and possible combinations of stress relieving temperature and holding time

Examples for stress relieving temperatures and the corresponding maximum holding time calculated onthe basis of the formula given below in the present annex for a given critical time temperatureparameter Perit. are given in Table B.1.

Table B.1 — P_crit. value and permissible holding time for a given stress relieving temperature
Steel type or steel grade	P_crit.	P_crit. condition fulfilled with stress relieving temperature in °C for a holding time ^a of
		1 h	2 h
		1 h	2 h	C-, CMn- steels	17,3	590	580
16Mo3	17,5	600	590
18MnMo4-5	17,5	600	590
20MnMoNi4-5	17,5	600	590
15NiCuMoNb5-6-4	17,5	600	590
13CrMo4-5	18,5	650	635
13CrMoSi5-5	18,7	660	650
10CrMo9-10	19,2	685	675
12CrMo9-10	19,3	690	680
X12CrMo5	19,5	700	690
13CrMoV9-10	19,4	695	685
12CrMoV12-10	19,4	695	685
X10CrMoVNb9-1	20,5	750	735
^a Selected pairs of stress relieving temperature and holding time for guidance.

Information on welding is given in EN 1011-1 and EN 1011-2.

Excessive post weld heat treatment (PWHT) conditions can decrease the mechanical properties. When in stress relieving the intended time temperature parameter

P = T_s (20 + lgt) 10^-3

where

T_s is the stress relieving temperature in K, and

t is the holding time in hours,

is exceeding the critical (P_crit.) values in Annex B, the purchaser should in his enquiry and order inform the manufacturer accordingly and, where appropriate, tests on simulated heat treated samples can be agreed to check whether after such a treatment the properties specified in this document can still be regarded as valid in accordance with the essential safety requirements of the PED.

Annex C (informative) Reference data of strength values for 1% (plastic) creep strain and creep rupture

NOTE The values given in Table C.1 were derived as mean values in accordance with ISO 6303 with a scatter band of ±20%.

The strength values for 1 % (plastic) creep strain and creep rupture given up to the elevated temperatures listed in Table C.1 do not mean that the steels can be used in continuous duty up to these temperatures. The governing factor is the total stressing during operation. Where relevant, the oxidation conditions should also be taken into account.

Table C.1 — Strength values for 1 % (plastic) creep strain and creep rupture
Steel grade		Temperature °C	Strength for 1 % (plastic)creep strain in MPa for		Creep rupture strength in MPa for
Steel name	Steel number		10 000 h	100 000 h	10 000 h	100 000 h	200 000 h
Steel name	Steel number		10 000 h	100 000 h	10 000 h	100 000 h	200 000 h	P235GH, P265GH	1.0345, 1.0425	380	164	118	229	165	145
390	150	106	211	148	129
400	136	95	191	132	115
410	124	84	174	118	101
420	113	73	158	103	89
430	101	65	142	91	78
440	91	57	127	79	67
450	80	49	113	69	57
460	72	42	100	59	48
470	62	35	86	50	40
480	53	30	75	42	33
P295GH, P355GH	1.0481, 1.0473	380	195	153	291	227	206
		390	182	137	266	203	181
		400	167	118	243	179	157
		410	150	105	221	157	135
		420	135	92	200	136	115
		430	120	80	180	117	97
		440	107	69	161	100	82
		450	93	59	143	85	70
		460	83	51	126	73	60
		470	71	44	110	63	52
		480	63	38	96	55	44
		490	55	33	84	47	37
		500	49	29	74	41	30
16Mo3	1.5415	450	216	167	298	239	217
		460	199	146	273	208	188
		470	182	126	247	178	159
		480	166	107	222	148	130
		490	149	89	196	123	105
		500	132	73	171	101	84
		510	115	59	147	81	69
		520	99	46	125	66	55
		530	84	36	102	53	45
18MnMo4-5	1.5414	425	392	314	421	343
		430	383	302	407	330
		440	360	272	380	300
		450	333	240	353	265
		460	303	207	325	230
		470	271	176	295	196
		480	239	148	263	166
		490	207	124	229	140
		500	177	103	196	118
		510	150	84	165	98
		520	127	64	141	79
		525	118	54	132	69
20MnMoNi4-5	1.6311	450			290	240
		460			272	211
		470			251
		480			225
		490			194
15NiCuMoNb5-6-4	1.6368	400	324	294	402	373
		410	315	279	385	349
		420	306	263	368	325
		430	295	245	348	300
		440	281	227	328	273
		450	265	206	304	245
		460	239	180	274	210
		470	212	151	242	175
		480	180	120	212	139
		490	145	84	179	104
		500	108	49	147	69
13CrMo4-5	1.7335	450	245	191	370	285	260
		460	228	172	348	251	226
		470	210	152	328	220	195
		480	193	133	304	190	167
		490	173	116	273	163	139
		500	157	98	239	137	115
		510	139	83	209	116	96
		520	122	70	179	94	76
		530	106	57	154	78	62
		540	90	46	129	61	50
		550	76	36	109	49	39
		560	64	30	91	40	32
		570	53	24	76	33	26
13CrMoSi5-5	1.7336	450		209		313
		460		200		300
		470		185		278
		480		141		212
		490		119		179
		500		113		169
		510		81		122
		520		66		99
		530		41		62
		540		33		50
		550		27		40
		560		23		35
		570		21		31
10CrMo9-10	1.7380	450	240	166	306	221	201
		460	219	155	286	205	186
		470	200	145	264	188	169
		480	180	130	241	170	152
		490	163	116	219	152	136
		500	147	103	196	135	120
		510	132	90	176	118	105
		520	119	78	156	103	91
		530	107	68	138	90	79
		540	94	58	122	78	68
		550	83	49	108	68	58
		560	73	41	96	58	50
12CrMo9-10	1.7375	570	65	35	85	51	43
		580	57	30	75	44	37
		590	50	26	68	38	32
		600	44	22	61	34	28
		400			382	313
		410			355	289
		420			333	272
		430			312	255
		440			293	238
		450			276	221
		460			259	204
		470			242	187
		480			225	170
		490			208	153
		500			191	137
		510			174	122
		520			157	107
X12CrMo5	1.7362	450	107
		460	96
		470	87		147 (475°C)
		480	83		139
		490	78		123
		500	70		108
		510	56		94
		520	50		81
		530	44		71
		540	39		61
		550	35		53
		560	31		47
		570	27		41
		580	24		36
		590	21		32
		600	18		27
		610	16
		620	14
		625	13
13CrMoV9-10	1.7703	400			430	383
		410			414	365
		420			397	346
		430			380	327
		440			362	309
		450			344	290
		460			326	271
		470			308	253
		480			290	235
		490			272	218
		500			255	201
		510			237	184
		520			221	169
		530			204	144
		540			188	126
		550			173	108
12CrMoV12-10	1.7767	400			430	383
		410			414	365
		420			397	346
		430			380	327
		440			362	309
		450			344	290
		460			326	271
		470			308	253
		480			290	235
		490			272	218
		500			255	201
		510			237	184
		520			221	169
		530			204	144
		540			188	126
		550			173	108
		500			289	258	246
		510			271	239	227
		520			252	220	208
		530			234	201	189
		540			216	183	171
X10CrMoVNb9-1	1.4903	550			199	166	154
		560			182	150	139
		570			166	134	124
		580			151	120	110
		590			136	106	97
		600			123	94	86
		610			110	83	75
		620			99	73	65
		630			89	65	57
		640			79	56	49
		650			70	49	42
		660			62	42	35
		670			55	36	-

Annex D (normative) Evaluation of resistance to hydrogen induced cracking

The tests to evaluate the resistance of steel products to hydrogen induced cracking shall be performed in accordance with EN 10229. The acceptance criteria for the test solution A (with pH approximately 3) apply for the classes indicated in Table D.1 where the given values are mean values from three individual test results.

Table D.1 — Acceptance classes for the HIC test (test solution A)
Acceptance class	CLR ^a %	CTR ^a %	CSR ^a %
I	≤ 5	≤ 1,5	≤ 0,5
II	≤ 10	≤ 3	≤ 1
III	≤ 15	≤ 5	≤ 2
^a CLR: crack length ratio, CTR: crack thickness ratio, CSR: crack sensitivity ratio

Other acceptance criteria as in test solution A (e.g. according to NACE/TM 0284) may be agreed at time of enquiry and order.

Annex E (normative) Step cooling test

For the step cooling test a procedure to check step cooling embrittlement shall be agreed. This procedure shall include temperatures and holding times to be considered. The procedure given in Figure E.1 is recommended.

Figure E.1 — Recommended procedure for the step cooling test

Annex F (informative) Changes to the previous version EN 10028-2:2009

the normative references have been revised;
the option to agree thicknesses greater as those stated in the standard and the corresponding footnotes in Tables 3 and 4 have been deleted;
EN 1011-1 and 2 have been moved from the bibliography to the normative references;
the marking of text passages with one or two dots has been deleted;
the cross references in the standard have been updated;
the example for ordering has been revised;
the steel grade 16Mo3 has been included in subclause 8.2.2 concerning normalized forming;
the note in sub-clause 8.2.3 has been deleted;
the values in Table B.1, Annex B have been revised;
the note in 8.2.4 has been moved to Annex B;
the correlation in Annex ZA between the clause of this European Standard and the essential requirements of the Directive 2014/68/EU have been updated;
clarifications on various technical requirements.

Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of European Directive 2014/68/EU aimed to be covered

This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission's standardization request M/071 to provide one voluntary means of conforming to Essential Requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU.

Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding Essential Requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU, and associated EFTA regulations.

Table ZA.1 — Correspondence between this European Standard and Annex I of Directive 2014/68/EU
Requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU	Clause(s)/subclause(s) of this EN	Remarks/Notes
4.1a	8.4 and Table 3	Appropriate material properties
4.1d	8.2 and 8.5	Suitable for the processing procedures
4.3	9.1	Inspection documentation

WARNING 1 — Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European Union.

WARNING 2 — Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard.

Bibliography

[1] EN 10020, Definition and classification of grades of steel
[2] EN 10314, Method for the derivation of minimum values of proof strength of steel at elevated temperatures
[3] ISO 6303, Pressure vessel steels not included in ISO 2604, Parts 1 to 6 — Derivation of long-time stress rupture properties
[4] NACE/TM 0284, Evaluation of pipeline and pressure vessels steels for resistance to hydrogen induced cracking

Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes – Part 2: Non-alloy and alloy steels with specified elevated temperature properties

European foreword

1 Scope

2 Normative references

3 Terms and definitions

4 Tolerances on dimensions

5 Calculation of mass

6 Classification and designation

7 Information to be supplied by the purchaser